// Why did one question mark become more code?
// Teaching excerpts; see the explanation and boundaries on the episode page.

// Older output. Same behavior.
// target: ES2022
getUser()?.name ?? "Guest";

// target: ES2017
// Temporary values + null checks

// Missing user? Stop the property read.
getUser() → null
null?.name → undefined
undefined ?? "Guest" → "Guest"

// Save the value. Check it once received.
const user = getUser();
const name = user === null ||
  user === undefined
    ? undefined : user.name;
const result = name === null ||
  name === undefined
    ? "Guest" : name;

// An empty name is still a value.
"" ?? "Guest"  // ""
"" || "Guest"  // "Guest"